The American Cancer Society has issued updated recommendations for prostate cancer screening, placing renewed emphasis on early detection and informed discussions between patients and healthcare professionals.
Under the revised guidance, men at average risk between the ages of 50 and 69 should consider prostate-specific antigen, or PSA, blood testing every two years. The organisation says clinicians should explain the potential benefits, limitations and risks of screening before patients decide whether to proceed.
The recommendations also identify groups who may need to begin screening earlier. Black men and men with a strong family history of prostate cancer are advised to consider annual PSA-based screening from the age of 45.
A PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Although higher levels can indicate prostate cancer, they may also result from other conditions. This means that an elevated result does not automatically confirm cancer and may require further medical assessment.
The American Cancer Society said the updated guidance reflects stronger evidence since its previous recommendations were published in 2010. Newer research indicates that appropriate screening can reduce deaths from prostate cancer and lower the risk of diagnosis at an advanced stage.
The organisation also stressed the importance of balancing the benefits of early detection against the possibility of unnecessary investigations and treatment. The recommendations are intended for the United States and should not be treated as a substitute for individual medical advice.
