Keto Diet Effective for Weight Loss but Raises Cholesterol Levels, Recent Study

A recent study conducted by Javier Gonzalez and his colleagues at the University of Bath in the UK has revealed that the ketogenic diet, commonly known as the keto diet, is effective in promoting weight loss but also increases cholesterol levels. The study involved 53 participants with an average age of 34, none of whom were obese.

The ketogenic diet, which primarily consists of high-fat and low-carbohydrate intake, forces the body to use ketone bodies produced by the liver from stored fat as an alternative fuel source instead of glucose from carbohydrates. This shift in energy source leads to significant fat reduction.

Participants following the ketogenic diet in the study reduced an average of 1.6 kg of fat within a month. In comparison, those on a low-sugar diet lost 1 kg of fat, while those on a normal diet did not experience any weight loss. The research team confirmed adherence to the ketogenic diet through blood, urine, and breath tests for ketone bodies, as well as food diaries.

However, despite the weight loss benefits, the study found that individuals on the ketogenic diet had a 16% increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, commonly known as “bad” cholesterol, and a 26% increase in apolipoprotein B, a protein associated with artery clogging and higher risk of heart-related incidents. Conversely, participants on a low-sugar diet experienced a 10% decrease in LDL cholesterol and no change in apolipoprotein B levels.

The ketogenic diet also affected the gut microbiota, reducing levels of Bifidobacterium, a type of gut flora beneficial for a strong immune system and B vitamin production. This reduction is likely due to the lower fiber intake associated with the low-carb diet.

While the ketogenic diet shows promise for weight loss, the potential risks to cholesterol levels and gut health warrant further long-term studies. According to Natasha Schoeler from Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, it remains unclear whether the benefits of a ketogenic diet for weight loss outweigh the potential health risks, especially for obese individuals.

Schoeler emphasizes that adherence to any diet, whether low in carbohydrates or calories, is crucial for weight loss success. “Whether it is a normal-carbohydrate diet but low in calories, or the same amount of calories with less carbohydrate – if you stick to it, generally, you will lose weight,” she states.